The “Immediate Protection” Status under the New Pact on Migration and Asylum: some remarks
Abstract
Responses to the crisis of the Common European Asylum System (CEAS), after a long period of impasse, currently lie in the New Pact on Migration and Asylum (European Commission, 23 September 2020). This essay will focus on the Proposal for a Regulation addressing situations of crisis and force majeure as part of the Commission package of proposals following the New Pact, and especially on the “immediate protection” status envisaged therein. Whitin the forms of international protection granted by the European Union law, this essay explores in primis such a new status in comparison with the “temporary protection” – which is intended to be repealed and however never triggered – and, in secundis, in the framework of the New Pact rationale, as characterized by the increasing of interstate solidarity mechanisms despite restrictions on the fundamental rights of asylum-seekers.
Riferimenti bibliografici
Allain, J. (2001). The jus cogens Nature of non-refoulement. International Journal of Refugee Law, 4, 533-558.
Amadeo, S. and Spitaleri, F. (2019). Il diritto dell’immigrazione e dell’asilo dell’Unione europea. Torino: G. Giappichelli Editore.
Amnesty International, European Institutions Office (2021). Position Paper, 4 March 2021.
Arenas, N. (2005). The Concept of ‘Mass Influx of Displaced Persons’ in the European Directive Establishing the Temporary Protection System. European Journal of Migration and Law, 7, 435-450.
Borraccetti, M. (2021). Il nuovo Patto europeo sull’immigrazione e l’asilo: continuità o discontinuità col passato? Diritto, Immigrazione e Cittadinanza, 1, 1-27.
Carrera, S. (2020). Whose Pact? The Cognitive Dimensions of the New EU Pact on Migration and Asylum. CEPS Policy Insights, 22, 1-18.
Carrera, S., et al. (Eds) (2020). 20 Years Anniversary of the Tampere Programme. Europeanisation Dynamics of the EU Area of Freedom, Security and Justice. Florence: European University Institute.
Carta, M.C. (2021). Il “nuovo” Patto europeo sulla migrazione e l’asilo: recenti sviluppi in materia di solidarietà ed integrazione. Freedom, Security & Justice: European Legal Studies, 2, 9-42.
Cherubini, F. (2015). Asylum in the European Union. London-New York: Routledge.
Chetail, V., et al. (Eds) (2016). Reforming the Common European Asylum System: The New European Refugee Law. Leiden-Boston: BRILL.
Cornelisse, G. and Reneman, M. (2021). Border procedures in the Commission’s New Pact on Migration and Asylum. A case of politics outplaying rationality? European Law Journal, 1, 1-18.
Del Guercio, A. (2016). La protezione dei richiedenti asilo nel diritto internazionale ed europeo. Napoli: Editoriale Scientifica.
Di Stasi, A. and Rossi, S. (2020). Lo Spazio di libertà, sicurezza e giustizia. A vent’anni dal Consiglio europeo di Tampere. Napoli: Editoriale Scientifica.
European Commission, Directorate-General for Migration and Home Affairs. (2016). Study on the Temporary Protection Directive. Final Report. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
Fratea, C. (2021). La proposta di regolamento concernente le situazioni di crisi e di forza maggiore: un limitato progresso rispetto alla direttiva sulla protezione temporanea. I post di AISDUE, III, 165-182.
Inel-Ciger, M. (2018). Temporary Protection in Law and Practice, Leiden-Boston: BRILL.
Inel-Ciger, M. (2020). What a difference two decades make? The shift from temporary to immediate protection in the new European Pact on Asylum and Migration. At https://eumigrationlawblog.eu.
Kerber, K. (2002). The Temporary Protection Directive. European Journal of Migration and Law, 4, 193-214.
Lauterpacht, E., and Bethlehem, D. (2003). The scope and content of the principle of non-refoulement: Opinion. In Feller, E., Türk, V., Nicholson, F. (Eds), Refugee Protection in International Law: UNHCR’s Global Consultations on International Protection, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 87-177.
Maiani, F. (2020). A “Fresh Start” or One More Clunker? Dublin and Solidarity in the New Pact. EU Immigration and Asylum Law and Policy, eumigrationlawblog.eu.
Majcher, I. (2021). Creeping Crimmigraion in CEAS Reform: Detention of Asylum-Seekers and Restrictions of Their Movement under EU Law. Refugee Survey Quarterly, 40, 82-105.
Marin, L. (2020). The 2020 proposals for pre-entry screening and amended border procedures: a system of revolving doors to enter (and leave) Europe? ADiM Blog, Analyses & Opinions, November 2020.
McAdam, J. (2015). The European Union Qualification Directive: The Creation of a Subsidary Protection Regime. International Journal of Refugee Law, 17, 461-516.
Morgese, G. (2020). La “nuova” solidarietà europea in materia di asilo e immigrazione: molto rumore per poco? Federalismi.it, 35, 16-47.
Morgese, G. (2018). La solidarietà tra gli Stati membri dell’Unione europea in matria di immigrazione e asilo. Bari: Cacucci Editore.
Mouzourakis, M. (2021). More laws, less law: The European Union’s New Pact on Migration and Asylum and the fragmentation of “asylum seeker” status. European Law Journal, 1, 1-10.
Nascimbene, B. and Di Pascale, A. (2011). The Arab Spring and the Extraordinary Influx of People Who Arrived in Italy from North Africa. European Journal of Migration and Law, 4, 341-360.
Palladino, R. (2021). Patto sulla migrazione e l’asilo: verso nuove regole sui rimpatri. AA.VV. Annuali AISDUE, Volume II, 467-480.
Palladino, R. (2018). La detenzione dei migranti: regime europeo, competenze statali e diritti umani. Napoli: Editoriale Scientifica.
Palladino, R. (2016). La tutela dei migranti irregolari e dei richiedenti protezione internazionale (artt. 3, 5, 8 e 13 CEDU; art. 4, Protocollo 4). In A. Di Stasi (Ed), CEDU e ordinamento italiano. La giurisprudenza della Corte europea dei diritti dell’uomo e l’impatto nell’ordinamento interno (2010-2015). Wolters Kluwer-CEDAM: Milano.
Peers, S. (2006). Temporary Protection. In Peers, S. and Rogers, N. (Eds) EU Immigration and Asylum Law. Leiden-Boston: BRILL.
Russo, T. (2021). Quote di ricollocazione e meccanismi di solidarietà: le soluzioni troppo “flessibili” del Patto dell’Unione europea su migrazione e asilo. Freedom, Security & Justice: European Legal Studies, 2, 281-304.
Silga, J. (2018). The fragmentation of reception conditions for asylum seekers in the European Union: Protecting fundamental rights or preventing long-term integration? Freedom, Security & Justice: European Legal Studies, 3, 87-115.
Scissa, C. (2020). The (new) Commission’s approach on temporary protection and migration crisis. ADiM Blog, 1-8. At http://www.adimblog.com.
Slingeberg, L. (2020). Political Compromise on a Recast Asylum Reception Conditions Directive: Dignity Without Autonomy? At https://eumigrationlawblog.eu/.
Villani, S. (2021). Il fenomeno migratorio oltre l’ordinario: riflessioni sulla proposta della Commissione circa un solido sistema di preparazione e di risposta alle crisi e alle situazioni di forza maggiore. Freedom, Security & Justice: European Legal Studies, 2, 388-413.
Amadeo, S. and Spitaleri, F. (2019). Il diritto dell’immigrazione e dell’asilo dell’Unione europea. Torino: G. Giappichelli Editore.
Amnesty International, European Institutions Office (2021). Position Paper, 4 March 2021.
Arenas, N. (2005). The Concept of ‘Mass Influx of Displaced Persons’ in the European Directive Establishing the Temporary Protection System. European Journal of Migration and Law, 7, 435-450.
Borraccetti, M. (2021). Il nuovo Patto europeo sull’immigrazione e l’asilo: continuità o discontinuità col passato? Diritto, Immigrazione e Cittadinanza, 1, 1-27.
Carrera, S. (2020). Whose Pact? The Cognitive Dimensions of the New EU Pact on Migration and Asylum. CEPS Policy Insights, 22, 1-18.
Carrera, S., et al. (Eds) (2020). 20 Years Anniversary of the Tampere Programme. Europeanisation Dynamics of the EU Area of Freedom, Security and Justice. Florence: European University Institute.
Carta, M.C. (2021). Il “nuovo” Patto europeo sulla migrazione e l’asilo: recenti sviluppi in materia di solidarietà ed integrazione. Freedom, Security & Justice: European Legal Studies, 2, 9-42.
Cherubini, F. (2015). Asylum in the European Union. London-New York: Routledge.
Chetail, V., et al. (Eds) (2016). Reforming the Common European Asylum System: The New European Refugee Law. Leiden-Boston: BRILL.
Cornelisse, G. and Reneman, M. (2021). Border procedures in the Commission’s New Pact on Migration and Asylum. A case of politics outplaying rationality? European Law Journal, 1, 1-18.
Del Guercio, A. (2016). La protezione dei richiedenti asilo nel diritto internazionale ed europeo. Napoli: Editoriale Scientifica.
Di Stasi, A. and Rossi, S. (2020). Lo Spazio di libertà, sicurezza e giustizia. A vent’anni dal Consiglio europeo di Tampere. Napoli: Editoriale Scientifica.
European Commission, Directorate-General for Migration and Home Affairs. (2016). Study on the Temporary Protection Directive. Final Report. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
Fratea, C. (2021). La proposta di regolamento concernente le situazioni di crisi e di forza maggiore: un limitato progresso rispetto alla direttiva sulla protezione temporanea. I post di AISDUE, III, 165-182.
Inel-Ciger, M. (2018). Temporary Protection in Law and Practice, Leiden-Boston: BRILL.
Inel-Ciger, M. (2020). What a difference two decades make? The shift from temporary to immediate protection in the new European Pact on Asylum and Migration. At https://eumigrationlawblog.eu.
Kerber, K. (2002). The Temporary Protection Directive. European Journal of Migration and Law, 4, 193-214.
Lauterpacht, E., and Bethlehem, D. (2003). The scope and content of the principle of non-refoulement: Opinion. In Feller, E., Türk, V., Nicholson, F. (Eds), Refugee Protection in International Law: UNHCR’s Global Consultations on International Protection, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 87-177.
Maiani, F. (2020). A “Fresh Start” or One More Clunker? Dublin and Solidarity in the New Pact. EU Immigration and Asylum Law and Policy, eumigrationlawblog.eu.
Majcher, I. (2021). Creeping Crimmigraion in CEAS Reform: Detention of Asylum-Seekers and Restrictions of Their Movement under EU Law. Refugee Survey Quarterly, 40, 82-105.
Marin, L. (2020). The 2020 proposals for pre-entry screening and amended border procedures: a system of revolving doors to enter (and leave) Europe? ADiM Blog, Analyses & Opinions, November 2020.
McAdam, J. (2015). The European Union Qualification Directive: The Creation of a Subsidary Protection Regime. International Journal of Refugee Law, 17, 461-516.
Morgese, G. (2020). La “nuova” solidarietà europea in materia di asilo e immigrazione: molto rumore per poco? Federalismi.it, 35, 16-47.
Morgese, G. (2018). La solidarietà tra gli Stati membri dell’Unione europea in matria di immigrazione e asilo. Bari: Cacucci Editore.
Mouzourakis, M. (2021). More laws, less law: The European Union’s New Pact on Migration and Asylum and the fragmentation of “asylum seeker” status. European Law Journal, 1, 1-10.
Nascimbene, B. and Di Pascale, A. (2011). The Arab Spring and the Extraordinary Influx of People Who Arrived in Italy from North Africa. European Journal of Migration and Law, 4, 341-360.
Palladino, R. (2021). Patto sulla migrazione e l’asilo: verso nuove regole sui rimpatri. AA.VV. Annuali AISDUE, Volume II, 467-480.
Palladino, R. (2018). La detenzione dei migranti: regime europeo, competenze statali e diritti umani. Napoli: Editoriale Scientifica.
Palladino, R. (2016). La tutela dei migranti irregolari e dei richiedenti protezione internazionale (artt. 3, 5, 8 e 13 CEDU; art. 4, Protocollo 4). In A. Di Stasi (Ed), CEDU e ordinamento italiano. La giurisprudenza della Corte europea dei diritti dell’uomo e l’impatto nell’ordinamento interno (2010-2015). Wolters Kluwer-CEDAM: Milano.
Peers, S. (2006). Temporary Protection. In Peers, S. and Rogers, N. (Eds) EU Immigration and Asylum Law. Leiden-Boston: BRILL.
Russo, T. (2021). Quote di ricollocazione e meccanismi di solidarietà: le soluzioni troppo “flessibili” del Patto dell’Unione europea su migrazione e asilo. Freedom, Security & Justice: European Legal Studies, 2, 281-304.
Silga, J. (2018). The fragmentation of reception conditions for asylum seekers in the European Union: Protecting fundamental rights or preventing long-term integration? Freedom, Security & Justice: European Legal Studies, 3, 87-115.
Scissa, C. (2020). The (new) Commission’s approach on temporary protection and migration crisis. ADiM Blog, 1-8. At http://www.adimblog.com.
Slingeberg, L. (2020). Political Compromise on a Recast Asylum Reception Conditions Directive: Dignity Without Autonomy? At https://eumigrationlawblog.eu/.
Villani, S. (2021). Il fenomeno migratorio oltre l’ordinario: riflessioni sulla proposta della Commissione circa un solido sistema di preparazione e di risposta alle crisi e alle situazioni di forza maggiore. Freedom, Security & Justice: European Legal Studies, 2, 388-413.
Pubblicato
2022-01-13
Sezione
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